Find Out What It Means to Be on Academic Probation

Academic probation is the most common term colleges and universities use to indicate that a student is not making the academic progress the institution requires for graduation. Academic probation often means that a students grades and/or overall GPA are not high enough to continue in school if they do not improve. Someone can be placed on academic probation for a variety of reasons, although all will be academic in nature. Nonacademic offenses could lead to disciplinary probation. No form of probation is good, as it could result in a students suspension or expulsion. What Leads to Academic Probation? A school may put a student on academic probation because of her cumulative GPA or because of her GPA in the classes required for her major. A single semester of poor grades could also lead to academic probation. Perhaps even direr: A student may end up on academic probation if he fails to meet the standards of any financial aid he is receiving—it all depends on the schools rules and what is required to remain in good academic standing. Even if a student thinks she is doing well in school, she should familiarize herself with any GPA standards she must meet, whether for her major, scholarships, an honors program, or basic academic requirements. The best strategy, of course, is to avoid any issues in the first place rather than unexpectedly ending up on probation and having to work out of it. How to Respond If a student does end up on academic probation, dont panic. Being placed on academic probation is usually not the same as being asked to leave college. Students are given a probationary period—often a semester—to demonstrate that they can indeed make successful academic progress. To do so, students may need to increase their GPA by a certain amount, pass all of their classes, or meet other requirements, as determined by their school. While there will certainly be pressure to succeed—failing to boost grades or meet certain standards could result in suspension or expulsion—there are several things a student can do to make the most of this second chance. Clearing Academic Probation First, be clear about what is required to stay in school. The specific steps of a students academic probation, as well as how long the probationary period will last, should be outlined in the notification the student received from her school. If its unclear as to what steps to take to move out of academic probation, the student should ask as many people as possible until she finds out the information she needs. Once its clear what lies ahead, its important to ask a key question: Are there any changes the student needs to make in her day-to-day life to ensure she reaches her academic goals? For example, if the student can cut back on some extracurricular activities, social commitments, or work hours to increase study time, she may want to do so. She should ask an adviser or a trusted mentor for resource recommendations like a study group or individual tutor because extra support can go a long way in resolving academic probation.

Hypodermic Syringe Model - 1453 Words

Using material from Item A and elsewhere, assess the usefulness of the Hypodermic Syringe Model of the Mass Media (33 marks) The Hypodermic Syringe Model suggests that the media are strong and the audience is weak and passive. This means that the messages the media portrays, society will instantly believe without questioning the ideas and morals behind this. The model suggests that children are more susceptible to the messages in the media and accept the information provided as they have not fully developed social skills. In addition to this, the media is thought to ‘inject’ the audience with their beliefs, of whom would automatically agree with this view. The Hypodermic Syringe Model notes a direct correlation between violence portrayed†¦show more content†¦This criticises the Hypodermic Syringe Model as the model suggests that people who view the behaviour will not question this and will act in this way in the future. The Hypodermic Syringe Model fails to acknowledge that the media provides the viewers with the effects of the violence on the individual. The viewer is less likely to repeat the images and violence acted upon in the media after viewing the violence and the effects this could have on themselves therefore suggesting that the Hypodermic Syringe Model does not ‘inject’ their messages into the minds of the viewers. It can be suggested that there is not enough research in this particular area of Sociology as many findings are as a result of artificial surroundings, for example the Bandura experiment. With little support for the Hypodermic Syringe Model, the assumptions of this model can neither be true or false. This can be supported by Gauntlett (2008) who found that most of the studies on the Hypodermic Syringe Model or media violence and imitation were conducted in an artificial environment, this meaning that some of the effects recorded from this experiment may be due to other factors, not how the person would act in a real situation. The Hypodermic Syringe Model suggests that children are more vulnerable to the violence and messages portrayed in the mass media, however this can be criticised as children may not be affected asShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Hypodermic-Syringe Model815 Words   |  4 PagesThe Hypodermic-Syringe Model The hypodermic syringe model suggest that the media is alike a magic bullet and when an audience is targeted it will immediately be knocked down when they are hit. The hypodermic-syringe model also suggests that society is passive and the media â€Å"inject† their media influence into society and manipulates it. The Frankfurt school envisioned the media as a hypodermic syringe, and the contents of the media were injected into the thoughts of the audience, who accepted theRead MoreAssess the usefulness of the Hypodermic Syringe model of the mass media1847 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿Mass Media (Q) Assess the usefulness of the Hypodermic Syringe model of the mass media. The hypodermic Syringe Model (HSM) is an early theory model, which believes that there is a direct correlation between the violence and anti-social behaviour portrayed in different media types (e.g. Television, computer games and films). Sociologists found that the most venerable audience to the HSM are children and teenagers. this is because they are still in the early stages of socialization so are thereforeRead MoreExploring Why the Mass Media May Exert Only a Limited Influence Over the Audience1307 Words   |  6 Pagesfunction in most people’s lives and consequently has been blamed fir crime, abortion and the corruption of morals in society. I will attempt to evaluate to what extent the media exerts influence over their audiences by examining the media models. I believe that this is an important issue to consider as the media continues to centre the lives of many difference social groups as on a daily basis, television; radio and newspapers are widely viewed by all types of people all overRead MoreDiscussion of the View that Violence on Screen Can Cause Violence in Society746 Words   |  3 Pagesdisprove the hypothesis that violence in the media can cause violence in society and as a result many theories have been formed. A theory that supports this hypothesis is the Hypodermic syringe model developed by Vance Packard in 1957 and a reflection of the popular belief at the era. The hypodermic syringe model sees the audience as a homogenous mass without any background experiences and therefore immediately affected by what they see in the media. Even though this view isRead MoreHypodermic Needle Theory1128 Words   |  5 Pages Maria Fidela Diosa S. Romana University of the Philippines, Diliman Abstract This paper discusses the Hypodermic Needle Theory – its history, key concepts and criticism. As the theory suggests direct and immediate effect of mass media to its audience, a social phenomenon called ‘copycat crimes’ is analyzed through its lens. The criticisms and ambiguities of the hypodermic needle theory are used to formulate a new theory believed to be more applicable and accurate to social issues andRead MoreMedicl Prduct Company8065 Words   |  33 Pagesus, and it appears that we finally have a chance to resolve, once and for all, some of the issues our European organization has been struggling with over at least the last six years. The recent acceleration in the projected growth rate for our hypodermic and diabetic products makes it possible to discuss possible changes without having to worry about consolidating plants or making substantial reductions in personnel at any plant. We now operate within an organizational structure that allows usRead Morethe effect of mass media3481 Words   |  14 Pageszero models in magazines and eating disorders. Norris (1996), claims that media coverage of political issues can influence voting behaviour. Some early Marxist commentators, particularly those belonging to the Frankfurt School, such asMarcuse (1964), believed that the media transmitted a mass culture which was directly injected into the hearts and minds of the population making them more vulnerable to ruling class propaganda. The hypodermic model of media violence The hypodermic syringe approachRead MoreSociology Essay: â€Å"How Far Would Sociologists Agree That the Media Causes Eating Disorders in Women?898 Words   |  4 Pagesbecome skinny start to diet which eventually leads to serious eating disorders. An example of this is a model that died due to the severity of her eating disorder, anorexia. Isabelle Caro, a 28 year old French model died due to suffering from a respiratory disease which was initially caused by anorexia. This suggests that the media causes eating disorders in women as Isabelle was a catwalk model and in order to be popular on the catwalk she stopped eating which shows that if the media didn’t portrayRead MoreMedia Simply Reflects and Reinforces Existing Social Values Essay1004 Words   |  5 Pagesabout the impact on the public. This includes the hypodermic effect theory, also known as the behaviourist approach, which sees the mass media as not just an influence on society but as being able to directly affect us with a metaphorical, powerful syringe full of messages directly into the mind. Based on the theory that behaviour is learnt through rewards and punishment, the notion here is that the media could provide a model of behaviour which could influence people by showingRead MoreTheodor Adorno s Influence On Popular Music2850 Words   |  12 Pagesserious music. Adorno believed that the notion of standardization that was in popular music acted as way to â€Å"opium of the people† [9] acting through the ways that standardized music is distributed. This happens through a process known as hypodermic-syringe model, â€Å"this model suggests that the audience passively accepts the message ‘injected’ into them by the mass media.† {10] The listeners consume popular music unknowingly and unwillingly. â€Å"Standardization of song hits keeps the consumers in line by doing

D. H. Lawrences You Touched Me and Nietzches The Use...

Compare Happiness and Life Between D. H. Lawrences You Touched Me and Friedrich Nietzches The Use and Abuse of History Taken From The Twilight Of the Idols INTRODUCTION In this paper, I wont stick to only one topic. I will compare different topics, such as happiness and life between two romantic writers, D. H. Lawrence and Friedrich Nietzsche from D. H. Lawrences You touched me and Friedrich Nietzches The use and abuse of history taken from The twilight of the Idols. I will start talking about life and happiness by giving my own little definition of each of these two terms. LIFE Life: one word, many meanings. Life: one word, one precious thing. We see life in a total different way by the two writers.†¦show more content†¦He (Nietzshe) claims that [life in any true sense is absolutely impossible without forgetfulness]. He also says something about death. [And when death brings at last the desired forgetfulness, it abolishes life and being together, and sets the seal on the knowledge that being is merely a continual has been, a thing that lives by denying and destroying and contradicting itself]. He also mentions a universal law about living things. [A living thing can only be healthy, strong and productive within a certain horizon: if it be incapable of drawing one round itself, or too selfish to lose its own view in anothers, it will come to an untimely end.] HAPPINESS Happiness: everybodys ultimate goal. Unfortunately, happiness is very hard goal to reach. D. H. Lawrence demonstrate the failure of reaching happiness through money and other goods. Emmie and Matilda were two girls of a rich man. But these two girls were not quite happy. They couldnt get married because they were expecting too much of men. Their (Matilda and Emmie) minds were based on money or valuable goods, restricting them from a lot of things. Hadrian was not a rich kid but he seemed to be happy the way he was. He wanted freedom and thats how he was happy. The two girls were captives of their rich lives. Hadrian understood that happiness wasnt about money, but about other superficial things, such as freedom and love. When Matilda touched Hadrian, Hadrian suddenly

Racial Prejudice And Superstition During The Age Of...

During the Age of Discovery Europeans travelled to foreign lands and encountered different people who presented evident phenotypic variations. Authors like Malik (1996) suggest that racial prejudice and superstition were common and found in most ethnically homogenous, socially conservative communities of the time. During this period equality, reason and humanity were unknown ideas and people who spoke different languages, worshiped different God’s or had different skin complexion were treated with distrusts and irrationality, created by the fear of the unknown (Brown, 2010). In their travels Europeans quite frequently depicted the non-white people they encountered on other continents like in Africa as savages, apes and monsters (Brown, 2010). Philosophers like Bodin (1530-1596) conducted geographic classifications of the known populations of humans based on the colour of their skin, his basic classification used descriptive terms such as â€Å"duskish colour, farish whiteâ⠂¬  to categorise the appearance of different peoples (Barnes, 2007. Pg 42). In an attempt to determine the meaning and value of life, Brown (2010) suggests that upon its founding human sciences have pursued the fundamental meaning of human diversity and therefore modern sciences and the history or race have interlaced histories. This paper aims to explore the genealogy of race through the monogenist, polygenist and Darwinian paradigms by exploring the development and implementation of racial mechanisms that wereShow MoreRelatedRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 PagesAfrica and rejects the European values that have oppressed a society. But prior to the advent of popular culture and especially the music recording business in the late twentieth century, its apparatus of cultural formation was controlled fully by the elite who, to a large extent, ran the educational apparatus and the economic system. But much of the country was beginning to question in earnest the structure of colonial society by the early 1930s. The emergence of Rasta during that period correspondsRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 PagesKirkwood Community College; and Stephanie Tucker, California State University Sacramento. Thinking and writing about logical reasoning has been enjoyable for me, but special thanks go to my children, Joshua, 8, and Justine, 3, for comic relief during the months of writing. This book is dedicated to them. For the 2012 edition: This book is dedicated to my wife Hellan whose good advice has improved the book in many ways. vi Table of Contents Preface....................................Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesDisposable Worker? 35 vii viii CONTENTS 2 2 The Individual Diversity in Organizations 39 Diversity 40 Demographic Characteristics of the U.S. Workforce 41 †¢ Levels of Diversity 42 †¢ Discrimination 42 Biographical Characteristics 44 Age 44 †¢ Sex 46 †¢ Race and Ethnicity 48 †¢ Disability 48 †¢ Other Biographical Characteristics: Tenure, Religion, Sexual Orientation, and Gender Identity 50 Ability 52 Intellectual Abilities 52 †¢ Physical Abilities 55 †¢ The Role of Disabilities 56 Implementing

The Impact Of Social Sustainability On The Development

4. Sustainability One of the definitions of sustainability would be creating a neighbourhood that has an increased quality of life and a value as a community, for more than a single generation (Falk and Carley, 2012). In Wales, sustainable regeneration means improving the social, physical, economic and environmental welfare of communities and individuals alike, in ways that promotes social equality. Under Section 79 of the Government of Wales Act (2006), Welsh Ministers have a duty to propose and advocate sustainable development. a) Social and Economic Sustainability With the estate being the 19th most deprived area in Wales, like many of the UK’s disadvantaged areas, Westfield and Eastfield’s residents most likely suffer from poor reputations. Said reputations reinforce the difficulties of an area and vice-versa, thus creating a vicious circle (Dillard et al., 2008). The role of social sustainability in this regeneration scheme is to generate social cohesion, well-being and quality of life. With high levels of unemployment in the area, poverty is deteriorating quality of life for residents (JRF, 2014). Job opportunities could be generated by the regeneration project through training schemes, apprenticeships and links with local colleges that provide IT and other vocational courses. A way of promoting social sustainability would be through pop-up shops or empty shops initiatives. They could solve the lack of cohesion between the estates, promote communityShow MoreRelatedGlobal Business And Its Sustainability Essay1745 Words   |  7 Pagesbusiness and its sustainability can contribute significantly to present and upcoming accomplishment of organizations. A major success factor for change towards sustainability in corporate world is incorporation of environmental, economic and societal goals. This incorporation is an important achievement, however it require a systematic approach which itself is a major challenge for organizations. Therefore, there is a significant need to acknowledge subject’s related to sustainability, which shouldRead MoreThe Sustainability Strategy of Virgin Groups Corporate1497 Words   |  6 Pagesin demographics and society in general have combined to make sustainability a mainstream issue. â€Å"The goal of sustainable developme nt is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.† (G3.1 Guidelines, 2011, p4) This study report on a survey of the Virgin Groups sustainability report that summarize the Virgin companies’ sustainability strategy, evaluating the sustainability report based on the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) principleRead MoreChange Management Is Planning, Organising, Leading And Controlling A Change Process Essay816 Words   |  4 Pagesbecause it can impact on the company’s business performance and sustainability. At the same time they must engage their stakeholders when they do any change to the business (Ha, 2015, p. xx). Change is not an easy thing to put into operation. These days the majority of businesses are creating sustainability goals and initiatives a priority. According to ‘‘Mc Kinsey Global survey on The Business of Sustainability’’ (2011), ‘‘57% of respondents say their companies have included sustainability in to theirRead MoreEffective Governance And Sustainability : An Definition Of Sustainable Development1398 Words   |  6 PagesEffective governance and sustainability are increasingly important considerations for governments, organizations, business leaders, investors, consumers and many other stakeholders throughout the world. Good corporate governance and complexity of sustainable development demands for global cooperation, based mainly on joint co-ordination of strategies and adopting of the best decisions. 1.1 Definition of sustainable Development: the term sustainable development was popularized in our common futureRead MoreSustainability Within The Business Context1580 Words   |  7 PagesSustainability, within the business context, has transitioned from a pecuniary model to an ecological modernised ideology. However, such dynamic perspective from external and internal stakeholders, refurbished the sustainable development of businesses, incorporating a more intricate measure of economic, social and ecological perspective. Therefore, management has refurbished practices, incorporating the dimensional homogenisation of the Triple Bottom line theory through a model aspect to a practicalRead MoreSustainability Accounting And Non Financial Reporting1052 Words   |  5 Pagesnewly established area in accounting, sustainability accounting and reporting extends the traditional model of financial and non-financial reporting to incorporate the company’s operational information, socia l and environmental activities, and their ability to deal with related risks. Not only do these acts have effects on society and the environment, but they also directly impact company’s financial statements. The most widely accepted definition of sustainability that has emerged over time is the â€Å"tripleRead MoreEnvironmental And Social Consequences Of Oil Production1071 Words   |  5 PagesHowever, the expansion of biofuel production has raised the concern about the negative environmental and social consequences related to sustainability. It depends on how biofuel development is designed. Brazil has lot of positive experiences in biofuel production, yet debate is still continuing on negative impacts of ethanol production from sugarcane. Negative impact sometimes outweighs positive impacts (UN Energy, 2007). Land that are used for ethanol production cause loss of natural resources (FaaijRead MoreTriple Bottom Line1286 Words   |  6 PagesTriple Bottom Line Over the Past 30 years many steps have been taken to further understand, and develop our sustainability and the impact it has on us, our communities, economy, social lives and future. As our understanding and knowledge continues to grow, we continue to see just how important and closely tied our environment is to us. There have been policies made by governments all around the world in order to achieve a sustainable living style, as well as many smaller organizations in comparisonRead MoreFossil Fuels And Its Impacts On Society1506 Words   |  7 Pagesseveral negative impacts on society. For example, fossil fuels pose a serious danger to the environmental through climate changes and global warming. Additionally, as fossil fuels become more scarce the prices will significantly increase. One way to alleviate the negative impacts of fossil fuels is by investing research and development into sustainability. Sustainability refers to the use of renewable energy resources to sustain the cu rrent processes of society and the economy. Sustainability also encompassesRead MoreThe Impact Of Sustainability On The Business World And Professional Business Communication1253 Words   |  6 PagesHow Sustainability Is Used In the Business World and Professional Business Communication When talking about sustainability numerous people associate it with just protecting the environment. Sustainability is far more than going green, but it is a principle that many companies have adopted and have worked persistently to improve over the last several years. Sustainability is defined as the ability to continue a behavior indeterminately, but it also includes improving human life overall. Sustainable

Market Segments and Targets free essay sample

Many organizations are utilizing target marketing to compete more effectively. Companies focus on the customers which they can most likely satisfy, instead of scattering their marketing effort. Effective target marketing requires identifying distinct groups who have different needs and preferences which is called market segmentation and select one or more market segments to enter which is called market targeting. In addition, for each target segment, marketers must establish and communicate the distinctive benefits of the company’s market offering which is called market positioning (Kotler, 2006, p. 40). Market segmentation is the process of grouping a market into smaller subgroups. This is derived from the recognition that the total market is made up of segments. These segments are homogeneous within (ex: people in the segment are similar to each other in their attitudes about certain variables). Because of these similarities, they are likely to respond similarly to a given m arketing strategy (Zikmund, 1996, p. 258). Successful segmenting can greatly improve marketing effectiveness. Companies can purchase the right list, improving advertising results and increased consumer satisfaction. The requirements for successful segmentation are: 1. Homogeneity with in the segment 2. Heterogeneity between segments 3. Segments are measurable and identifiable 4. Segments are accessible and actionable 5. Segment is large enough to be profitable (Zikmund, 1996, p. 255). These criteria can be summarized by the word SADAM: 1. S Substantial: the segment has to be large and profitable enough 2. A Accessible: it must be possible to reach it efficiently 3. D Differential : it must respond differently to a different marketing mix 4. A Actionable: you must have a product for this segment 5. M Measurable: size and purchasing power can be measured (Zikmund, 1996, p. 257). The variables used for segmentation include: 1. Geographic variables a. Region of the world or country b. Country size – metropolitan cities, small towns c. Density of Area – urban, rural d. Climate – hot, cold, humid, rainy 2. Demographic variables a. Age b. Gender c. Sexual orientation d. Family size e. Family life cycle f. Education g. Income h. Occupation i. Education j. Socioeconomic status k. Religion l. Nationality/race m. Language 3. Psychographic variables a. Personality b. Life style c. Value d. Attitude 4. Behavioral variables . Benefit sought b. Product usage rate c. Brand loyalty d. Product end use e. Readiness-to-buy stage f. Decision making unit (Zikmund, 1996, p. 255 256). Geographic segmentation includes distinctions based on continents, cultural regions, and climate. Another basis for segmentation is political boundaries, such as state and city lines. However popul ations are not always adequately described by political boundaries. Marketers are most often concerned with the population map. The company can operate in one or a few areas, or operate in all but pay attention to local variations (Zikmund, 1996, p. 254). Marketers often use zip codes as a basis for market segmentation. People and households in the same zip code area are often similar in demographic characteristics (Zikmund, 1996, p. 254). Some approaches combine geographic data with demographic data to yield even richer descriptions of consumers and neighborhoods. Claritas, Inc. has developed a geoclustering approach called PRIZM that classifies over half a million U. S. residential neighborhoods into 15 distinct groups and 66 distinct lifestyle segments called PRIZM clusters. The groupings take into consideration 39 factors in 5 broad categories: (Kotler, 2006, p. 49) 1. Education and Affluence, 2. Family life cycle, 3. Urbanization, 4. Race and Ethnicity, and 5. Mobility (Kotler, 2006, p. 249). Individuals within a cluster tend to lead similar lives, drive similar cars, have similar jobs, and read similar magazines. Here are four new PRIZM clusters: 1. Young Digerate – couples or single, most with kids, who live in urban cen ters, tend to hold master’s degrees, affluent, tech-savvy, in their 20’s. 2. Beltway Boomers – forties and fifties, college-educated, upper-middle-class homeowners married late and are still raising children. They live in comfortable suburban subdivisions and are still pursuing kid-centered lifestyles. 3. The Cosmopolitans – continued gentrification of the nation’s cities has resulted in the emergence of this segment, concentrated in America’s fast-growing metro areas. These households feature older homeowners, empty nesters, and college graduates who enjoy leisure-intensive lifestyles. 4. Old Milltowns – Just as America’s once thriving factory towns have aged, so have their residents. Old Milltowns reflects the decline of these small, once-industrial communities, now filled with retired singles and couples living quietly on fixed incomes. These home-centered residents make up on the top segments for daytime television (Kotler, 2006, p. 249). In demographic segmentation, the market is divided into segments based on things like age, gender, income, occupation, education, religion, and race. Demographic segmenting is popular because consumer needs, wants, and usage rates and product and brand preferences are frequently associated with demographic variables (Kotler, 2006, p. 249). Psychographics uses psychology and demographics to understand consumers. Psychographic segmentation divides consumers based on personality traits, lifestyle, or values. Individuals in a similar demographic group can have different psychographic profiles. Benefit segmentation is a type of market segmentation in which consumers are grouped according to the specific benefits they seek from a product. In consumer markets, segmentation variables include demographics, socioeconomics, psychographics, geographic factors, behavior patterns, consumption patterns, and consumer predispositions. In business markets, geographical areas, organizational characteristics, purchase behavior and usage patters, and organizational predispositions and policies are used as segmentation variables. The appropriateness of any one variable or combination of variables varies considerably from case to case. The marketing manager must determine which variables will isolate a meaningful target market (Zikmund, 1996, p. 261). The Advantages and Disadvantages in Segmentation Advantages The main objective of segmentation is to increase your sales and increase your profits. It helps you achieve this by helping you to; 1. Identify new product opportunities. It does this by helping you identify the needs of different market segments and developing products to satisfy those needs. 2. Identify new product opportunities. It does this by helping you identify the needs of different market segments and developing products to satisfy those needs. 3. Develop more efficient methods of promoting existing products. 5. Identify new or highly profitable markets or new channels of distribution. 4. Target a particular market segment more efficiently than spreading limited resources over a wide area. 5. Maintain sales but reduce expenditure on promotion and advertising (â€Å"UniSdirect†, 2003). Disadvantages Generally, there is an increase in costs with segmentation stemming from increased; 1. Market research the need to better understand the needs of the various market segments. 2. Research and development the need to produce different products for the different market segments. 3. Production costs-the need for different products for different market segments. 4. Administrative costs-the need for separate marketing plans for the different segments. 5. Inventory costs-the need for additional stock to cover variations in demand plus additional stock holding and control systems. 6. Distribution costs-the need for different distribution channels for different market segments (â€Å"UniSdirect†, 2003). Mississippi Army National Guard The Mississippi Army National Guard’s marketing objective is to create a positive image which leads qualified individuals to consider and/or continue Guard membership. This will be accomplished with an emphasis on television, as well radio, direct mail, collateral material, public relations and direct contacts. The Mississippi Army National Guard marketing objectives are as follows: 1. Actively pursue the recruiting of prior service and in-service candidates. 2. Highlight the opportunities available to Guard members to be leaders of the future in terms of technology, education and training. . Position the Guard Members as â€Å"American Soldiers† who protect our freedom and the American way of life. 4. Promote Mississippi specific benefits. 5. Achieve and maintain a state strength of 100% or higher. 6. Maintain a 17% or less attrition rate for each unit in the state. 7. Utilize direct response programs to generate qualified leads for recr uiter follow-up. 8. Position the Guard as a stepping stone to greater career opportunities by providing training, building a resume, and networking. Several Army National Guard units have returned from deployment only to lose many of their qualified personnel. The Freedom Salute Campaign is a wonderful program that helps in the retention of soldiers returning from deployment. The Mississippi Army National Guard needs to do a better job at presenting this program. The Mississippi Army National Guard must aggressively target employers for special recognition and invitations to unit activities to ensure that employers of Guard personnel are informed and supportive of their employees Guard membership, and that employers are shown that the Guard appreciates their sacrifices and commitment.

Emergence of the Cold War free essay sample

By the end of the war, the United States stood alone. The end of World War II virtually left two of these superpowers, who helped end Hitler’s realm, at a crossroads. The rivalry between the Soviet Union the United States and for control over the post World War II world emerged before World War II had even ended. The two United States presidents who served their tenure during the war (Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry S Truman) and disgruntled Soviet leader Joseph Stalin never actually trusted one another. Even through teaming up to bring down Nazi Germany and Adolf Hitler, this mutual mistrust actually began as far back as 1917. In 1917, the United States was never on good terms with the Bolshevik government that formed after the Russian Revolution. Stalin also resented the relationship the United States had with Great Britain throughout the war. The United States and Great Britain did not share nuclear weapons research with the Soviet Union during the war in fear that a nuclear epidemic may one-day rise because of the mass abundance of nuclear warheads. Stalin was also very annoyed and seemingly somewhat jealous of Truman’s offering of postwar relief funds to Great Britain and not extending any help to the USSR. There were many other factors that contributed to the conflicts between the United States and Soviet Union policies but they can all be summed up by one word: Power. United States foreign policy was given a very formidable window of opportunity post World War II. After playing a major role in the defeat of the Nazi Germany super power, post-war ramifications were essentially dictated by the United States. With the backing of Stalin and the Soviet Union, the United Nations was also formed to stop wars between countries, and to provide a platform for dialogue. The United Nations aimed to facilitate cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace . Although together on the United Nations front, policy actions taken by the United States differed greatly from those of the Soviet Union. While under the microscope of the entire world, President Harry S. Truman saw this as an opportunity to spread democracy. United States foreign policy sought to promote a world rich full of capitalism and free of communism. Truman worked endlessly to clean up the huge mess left behind after World War II by establishing a number of international organizations that would promote democratic order and keep peace between nations. After the United Nations, he helped create the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) while also funding the rebuilding of a broken down and debt ridden Japan under the command of General Douglas MacArthur. After prosecuting Nazi war criminals at the Nuremberg trials, Truman in 1947 also outlined the Marshall Plan, which set aside more than $10 billion for the rebuilding and reindustrialization of Germany. The Marshall plan was a direct result of the Soviets unwillingness to comply with international order in maintaining democracy, and it is one of the pinnacle moments that set the stage for the beginnings of the Cold War. Soviet foreign policy differed greatly from the United States post World War II. The Soviet Union, under the rule of Stalin, had always been a communistic society. There were two main fundamentals that drove Soviet foreign policy. Firstly, Soviet foreign policy has traditionally been seen in terms of security, hence its strong interest in Eastern Europe after WWII. This area provided potential invasion routes into the Soviet Union. Stalin felt very strongly about communist ideals and sought to spread his ideology throughout Europe while it was looking for direction post World War II. The other key feature of Soviet foreign policy was its ideology – Marxist-Leninism (the theories of Marx as developed by Lenin). A core belief was to encourage and foster communist revolutions wherever and whenever possible. This ideology was sometimes seen as contradictory to the security f the Soviet Union because by spreading communistic revolution ideals, it furthered scrutiny from established super powers (the United States and Great Britain), which threatened its security. A number of commissions, councils, and conferences were established in order to determine post-war ramifications for European countries. The Council of Foreign Ministers (CFM), Far Eastern Advisory Commission (FEAC), Yalta Conference, Allied Control Council (ACC), and Paris Peace Con ference were all instrumental in establishing a sense of world order to help sort out European issue stemming from World War II. There seemed to be a pattern of Soviet discontent throughout all of these councils and conferences because of the minority political stance they shared within their Grand Alliance partners (the United States and Great Britain). In 1944, a memorandum from the Maisky Commission to Molotov stated that the Soviets intentions were to â€Å"break Germany up into a number of more or less independent state formations†¦ Military, industrial and ideological (reparations, especially) reparations in labour†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Germany’s reparations were one of the main components that began to cause tension feeding into United States vs. Soviet foreign policy. In February of 1945, at the Yalta Conference held in Russia, the Soviets proposed German reparations of $20,000,000,000 be paid, half of which would go to the Soviets. This was a number that was scoffed at by the Grand Alliance. It was evident that Soviet policy intended to spread communism throughout war-ridden Europe, especially through their reparation demands. Tensions rose at the Potsdam Conference regarding Soviet behavior in Germany at the war’s end, a working paper of United States delegation stated â€Å"Payment of reparations should leave sufficient resources to enable the German people to subsist without external assistance†¦ all these removals were in complete violation of all efforts to maintain ‘non-war potential’ industries in Germany†¦ What we saw amounts to organized vandalism directed not alone against Germany, but against US forces of occupation† Stalin’s policy on Germany was simply to make sure they never posed a threat to Soviet existence again by burying them while they were down post-war. A classic battle for the future of German ideology existed, communism vs. democracy, Stalin vs. Truman. Joseph Stalin’s most successful policy for the Soviet regime came with the installment of the â€Å"Iron Curtain† at the Yalta Conference. The Iron Curtain was both a physical and an ideological division that represented the way Europe was viewed after World War II. To the east of the Iron Curtain were the countries that were connected to or influenced by the former Soviet Union. These included: Poland, Eastern Germany, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, and Austria. Stalin was also able to finagle policies that gave Soviet occupation on top of the Iron Curtain as well. These countries included: Korea, China, Albania, Yugoslavia, and Iran. The Soviet stronghold of Eastern Europe was seen as a threat to the United States and Great Britain because of the threat of communism and permanent rifts between countries. Though ironically enough, the Soviet occupation was supported by the United States at the Yalta Conference. Foreign Minister Molotov viewed democracy as a threat to the Soviet Union and furthermore would lead to world domination by the United States. In the Novikov telegram, Molotov states â€Å"the foreign policy of the United States, which reflects imperialist tendencies of American monopolistic capital, is characterized in the postwar period by a striving for world supremacy† Stalin also began to grow jealous of the United States relationship with Great Britain, specifically with the postwar loans made and this is reflected in the telegram: â€Å"The current relations between England and the United States, despite the temporary attainment of agreements on very important questions, are plagued with great internal contradictions and cannot be lasting. In accepting the loan, England finds herself in a certain financial dependence on the United States from which it will not be easy to free herself†¦ The objective has been to impose the will of other countries on the Soviet Union† Molotov then goes on to mention that the only thing standing in between the United States and world domination would be a war with the Soviet Union. The United States didn’t have the nicest words to say about the Soviets either after World War II. In February of 1946, George Keenan, a young State Department expert stationed in Moscow, drafted his famous â€Å"long telegram†. This expressed a view of Soviet power as an â€Å"intractable† foe, bent on an expansionist policy to spread its power and influence, which became the basis of American Cold War policy. Kennan powerfully states, â€Å"World communism is like a malignant parasite which feeds only on diseased tissue†¦ Many foreign peoples, in Europe at least, are tired and frightened by experiences of the past, and are less interested in abstract freedom than in security. They are seeking guidance rather than responsibilities. We should be better able than Russians to give them this. And unless we do, Russians certainly will† The alarm sounded by Keenan seemed to be confirmed by Moscow’s growing influence throughout the world. Stalinist occupations in France, Italy, Greece and Vietnam seemed posed to take power. European nations faced immense pressure to de-colonize their pre-war empires, particularly the Near East and Asia. The Truman administration embraced a strategy of containment to block any further spread of Russian power. The spread of communism influenced United States policy more so than any other threat during that time. The United States and President Truman believed that drastic differences in political and socioeconomic ideologies would only cause further rifts between nations in the future. Although democracy was the fundamental ideology promoted by the United States, its main concern post World War II was to stop communism. In 1947, the United States and Truman began establishing many agencies and policies, domestically and foreign, to support their cause. Within the United States, Truman began his push by signing the National Security Act in 1947 to restructure America’s defenses for the new Communist threat. The act successfully reorganized the military and created new office positions: Secretary of Defense and the Joint Chiefs of Staff. It also created the National Security Council (NSC), to advise the president on global affairs, and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) to conduct espionage.